Summers are becoming increasingly warmer with each passing year, and harder on our gardens. The good news is, there are ways to ensure your plants will thrive through excessive heat conditions. A few adjustments to your plant care techniques can make all the difference and prevent your garden from stressing in the summer heat.
Water at the right time of day
Water when the sun is the least intense, in early morning or evening. Less water will be lost to evaporation, and roots will be kept cooler throughout the day. In most cases, watering in the morning is preferable, as night watering can contribute to root rot. However, on excessively hot days some plants may need to be watered twice.
Provide shade
Even plants that enjoy full sun can be scorched when temperatures reach beyond what is normal for their climate. Container plants should be moved to the shade as needed. For stationary plants, shade cloth can help filter the sunlight and lessen the intensity of the heat.
Mulch the soil
There are a variety of natural materials available for effective mulching, such as straw, bark or wood chips. Mulch can help the soil retain moisture much by preventing evaporation, while also suppressing weeds.
Choose containers wisely
For potted plants, your chosen container can make all the difference. Terracotta and unglazed clay allow water to evaporate more quickly as oxygen can pass through the material more easily. Plastic can warp in high heat, and leach plastics into the soil. Stick with lighter colored pots since darker colors will absorb more sunlight, and ensure your pots have proper drainage holes. EcoForms rice hull pots perform well in heat, do not allow for evaporation as quickly as terracotta, and have pre-drilled drainage holes. There are several light and neutral colors available in all styles.
Don’t fertilize dry soil in direct sun
Adding fertilizer to your soil when it is bone dry in the direct sun can scorch your plants. Fertilizing after the morning water has soaked into the soil is optimal during warmer seasons. A moist soil allows the roots to take up the nutrients more efficiently.
If you already have some heat-stressed plants, don’t be discouraged. They can often recover with proper care. Try following the steps above and they may return to a robust and healthy plant. If your soil has become hydrophobic from being dried out too often, you can add some compost and soak the soil deeply to restore it.